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Kevin Williams of Bollom Fire Protection underlines the importance of accurate specification and application of fire protective paint One of the most common questions decorators ask suppliers of fire protective paints is '`How many coats are needed?" Although an apparently simple query, It is symptomatic of a serious industry issue - the importance of correct application in order to achieve the required fire rating. To an extent, manufacturers are the victims of their own success in supplying extremely varied and decorative coatings with the appropriate fire ratings. The result is that contractors are still thinking 'decor when they should be thinking function'! A flame retardant product is not just a coat of paint, it is a system and as such, the quoted loading per square metre must be strictly observed. Unlike the average litre of decorative paint covering 15 square metres, fire protective paints typically require higher loading of six square metres (or less) per litre - resulting in the application of multi coats. Despite what the more cynical may want to believe, the recommended usage is not a way of selling more paint. The required loading have been scientifically worked out and tested so if insufficient paint is applied, the fire rating may not be achieved - if put to the test in real fire conditions, the results could be disastrous. It is equally important to provide manufacturers or suppliers with accurate specifications to enable them to recommend the appropriate solution. For example, the following information would be needed for internal wall linings:
- The required fire rating (i.e. Class 1 or Class 0)
- Details of the substrate to be protected - 'wood' is not good enough. Different timbers need different loading to achieve the same fire rating. Soft wood can contain more oil, making it more combustible, and therefore more difficult to protect a hard wood.
- The age and condition of the surface. Is it new or has It been previously painted - if so, is the existing paint sound or flaky?
- Whether or not the surface is already fire rated - for example plasterboard would require maintenance of the rating rather than upgrading.
If structural steel is involved, it would be necessary to know what fire resistant period is needed (typically half, one or one and a half hours) and the precise specification of the steel including web depth; flange width and thickness; and ideally mass per linear metre. The amount of steel to be exposed to the fire will also have a dramatic effect on the recommended film thickness. I cannot overemphasise how important it s to stick to the rules and recommendations. Fire protection saves lives and must therefore be handled with the care and attention it deserves. There are alternatives to paints and varnishes such as pre-treatment of timber - but once the structure is in place, coatings are the only option.
• Every tin of Brosteel intumescent coating now comes complete with a wet film thickness gauge, comprehensive application notes and fire related stickers.
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